/*****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for finding power using recursion
*/
#include<stdio.h>
int fun(int a,int b)
{
if(b>1)
{
return a*fun(a,b-1);
}
else
{
return a;
}
}
void main()
{
int a =3 ;
int b = 2;
printf("\nEnter a: ");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter b: ");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("%d^%d is: %d\n",a,b,fun(a,b));
}
Showing posts with label data structure. Show all posts
Showing posts with label data structure. Show all posts
Monday, January 10, 2011
power using recursion / recursive function
factorial using recursion
/*****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for finding factorial using recursion
*/
#include<stdio.h>
int fun(int n)
{
if(n>1)
{
return n*fun(n-1);
}
else
{
return 1;
}
}
void main()
{
int n =3 ;
printf("\nEnter a number to find factorial: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Factorial is: %d\n",fun(n));
}
infix to prefix with bracket
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for infix to prefix with bracket
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#define MAX 100
/*
* this will not catch errors
* eg if you enter (a*b]+c then it will output
*/
/* OP:
* Enter expression: (a*(c+d)+(e+f)*g)/(j+i)
* prefix of entered (infix) expression is:
* /+*a+cd*+efg+ji
*
*/
// personally, i believe that declaring TOP and S here is bad practice
void main()
{
int TOP = -1, PTOP = 0;
char s[MAX];
char pref[MAX] = {'\0'};
int pre(char);
int push(char[], int, char);
int pop(char *, int *);
char c[MAX] = {'\0'}, symb, x;
int i, j;
char temp;
printf("Enter expression: ");
gets(c);
/*
* gets will give error when compiling on modern compiler
*/
/*
* here i don't have strrev function on my compiler (gcc) so i am doing this manually
* but you can write strrev(c); if your compiler supports it
*/
i = 0;
j = strlen(c) - 1;
while (i < j)
{
temp = c[i];
c[i++] = c[j];
c[j--] = temp;
}
// x = pop(s,&TOP);
// TOP = push(s,TOP,symb);
for (i = 0; c[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
symb = c[i];
if (isalpha(symb) > 0)
{
pref[PTOP] = symb;
PTOP++;
}
else if (symb == '+' || symb == '-' || symb == '*' || symb == '/' || symb == '\\' || symb == '^' || symb == '$')
{
while ((pre(symb)) < (pre(s[TOP])))
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
pref[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
TOP = push(s, TOP, symb);
}
else if (symb == '}' || symb == ']' || symb == ')')
{
TOP = push(s, TOP, symb);
}
else
{
x = '\0';
while (x != '}' && x != ']' && x != ')')
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
if (x != '}' && x != ']' && x != ')')
{
pref[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
}
}
}
while (TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
pref[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
pref[PTOP] = '\0';
i = 0;
j = strlen(pref) - 1;
while (i < j)
{
temp = pref[i];
pref[i++] = pref[j];
pref[j--] = temp;
}
printf("\nprefix of entered (infix) expression is:\n%s\n", pref);
// getch(); // win not work on linux
}
int push(char *s, int top, char ele)
{
int i;
if (top >= MAX)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
}
else
{
s[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(char *a, int *top)
{
if ((*top) >= 0)
{
(*top) = (*top) - 1;
return a[(*top) + 1];
}
else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
int pre(char x)
{
int a;
switch (x)
{
case '(':
case '{':
case '[':
a = -5;
break;
case '+':
case '-':
a = 2;
break;
case '/':
case '*':
case '\\':
case '%':
a = 5;
break;
case '$':
case '^':
a = 10;
break;
}
return a;
}
infix to postfix with bracket
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for infix to postfix with bracket
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#define MAX 100
/*
* this will not catch errors
* eg if you enter (a*b]+c then it will output ab*c+
*/
/* OP:
* Enter expression: (a*(c+d)+(e+f)*g)/(j+i)
* postfix of entered (infix) expression is:
* acd+*ef+g*+ji+/
*/
// personally, i believe that declaring TOP and S here is bad practice
void main()
{
int TOP = -1, PTOP = 0;
char s[MAX];
char post[MAX] = {'\0'};
int pre(char);
int push(char[], int, char);
int pop(char *, int *);
char c[MAX] = {'\0'}, symb, x;
int i;
printf("Enter expression: ");
gets(c);
/*
* gets will give error when compiling on modern compiler
*/
// x = pop(s,&TOP);
// TOP = push(s,TOP,symb);
for (i = 0; c[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
symb = c[i];
if (isalpha(symb) > 0)
{
post[PTOP] = symb;
PTOP++;
}
else if (symb == '+' || symb == '-' || symb == '*' || symb == '/' || symb == '\\' || symb == '^' || symb == '$')
{
while ((pre(symb)) <= (pre(s[TOP])) && TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
TOP = push(s, TOP, symb);
}
else if (symb == '(' || symb == '[' || symb == '{')
{
TOP = push(s, TOP, symb);
}
else
{
x = '\0';
while (x != '(' && x != '{' && x != '[')
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
if (x != '(' && x != '{' && x != '[')
{
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
}
}
}
while (TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
post[PTOP] = '\0';
printf("\npostfix of entered (infix) expression is:\n%s\n", post);
// getch(); // win not work on linux
}
int push(char *s, int top, char ele)
{
int i;
if (top >= MAX)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
}
else
{
s[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(char *a, int *top)
{
if ((*top) >= 0)
{
(*top) = (*top) - 1;
return a[(*top) + 1];
}
else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
int pre(char x)
{
int a;
switch (x)
{
case '(':
case '{':
case '[':
a = -5;
break;
case '+':
case '-':
a = 2;
break;
case '/':
case '*':
case '\\':
case '%':
a = 5;
break;
case '$':
case '^':
a = 10;
break;
}
return a;
}
infix to postfix without bracket
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for infix to postfix without bracket
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#define MAX 100
void main()
{
int TOP = -1, PTOP = 0;
char s[MAX];
char post[MAX] = {'\0'};
int pre(char);
int push(char[], int, char);
int pop(char *, int *);
char c[MAX] = {'\0'}, symb, x;
int i;
printf("Enter expression: ");
gets(c);
/*
* gets will give error when compiling on modern compiler
*/
for (i = 0; c[i] != '\0'; i++) // NULL will give error on iso compiler
{
symb = c[i];
if (isalpha(symb) > 0)
{
post[PTOP] = symb;
PTOP++;
}
else
{
while ((pre(symb)) <= (pre(s[TOP])) && TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
TOP = push(s, TOP, symb);
}
}
while (TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
post[PTOP] = '\0';
printf("\nPostfix of entered (infix) expression is:\n %s\n", post);
// getch(); // win not work on linux
}
int push(char *s, int top, char ele)
{
int i;
if (top >= MAX)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
}
else
{
s[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(char *a, int *top)
{
if ((*top) >= 0)
{
(*top) = (*top) - 1;
return a[(*top) + 1];
}
else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
int pre(char x)
{
int a;
switch (x)
{
case '+':
case '-':
a = 2;
break;
case '/':
case '*':
case '\\':
case '%':
a = 5;
break;
case '$':
case '^':
a = 10;
break;
}
return a;
}
infix to postfix without bracket
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for infix to postfix without bracket
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#define MAX 100
void main()
{
int TOP = -1, PTOP = 0;
char s[MAX];
char post[MAX] = {'\0'};
int pre(char);
int push(char[], int, char);
int pop(char *, int *);
char c[MAX] = {'\0'}, symb, x;
int i;
printf("Enter expression: ");
gets(c);
/*
* gets will give error when compiling on modern compiler
*/
for (i = 0; c[i] != '\0'; i++) // NULL will give error on iso compiler
{
symb = c[i];
if (isalpha(symb) > 0)
{
post[PTOP] = symb;
PTOP++;
}
else
{
while ((pre(symb)) <= (pre(s[TOP])) && TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
TOP = push(s, TOP, symb);
}
}
while (TOP >= 0)
{
x = pop(s, &TOP);
post[PTOP] = x;
PTOP++;
}
post[PTOP] = '\0';
printf("\nPostfix of entered (infix) expression is:\n %s\n", post);
// getch(); // win not work on linux
}
int push(char *s, int top, char ele)
{
int i;
if (top >= MAX)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
}
else
{
s[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(char *a, int *top)
{
if ((*top) >= 0)
{
(*top) = (*top) - 1;
return a[(*top) + 1];
}
else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
int pre(char x)
{
int a;
switch (x)
{
case '+':
case '-':
a = 2;
break;
case '/':
case '*':
case '\\':
case '%':
a = 5;
break;
case '$':
case '^':
a = 10;
break;
}
return a;
}
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
decimal to binary and binary to 1's and 2's complement
/*****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for decinal to binanry and 1's and 2's complement
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void main()
{
struct binary
{
int f : 2; // we use bit field here because it occupies less space
} b[100], c[100], d[100];
/**
* b[] will store binary, c[] will store 1's complement
* d[] will store 2's complement
*/
/* a will store decomal*/
long int a;
long int n, i, j; // n is the length of binary. i and j are for loops.
// now scanning pisitive number
do
{
printf("\nEnter a valid positive integer number: ");
scanf("%ld", &a);
}
while (a < 0);
for (i = 0; a != 0; i++)
{
b[i].f = a % 2;
a = a / 2;
}
n = i - 1;
printf("\nBinary of entered number is: ");
for (i = n; i >= 0; i--)
{
printf("%d", b[i].f);
}
/**
* 2's complement of binary nyumber
* binary : 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
* 2's complement: 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
* while going right to left put 0 as it is untill you get 1. put 1 as it is
* and then change 1 to 0 and 0 to 1.
*/
for (i = 0; i <= n; i++)
{
if (b[i].f == 1)
{
d[i].f = 1;
i++;
for (j = i; j <= n; j++)
{
if (b[j].f == 1)
{
d[j].f = 0;
}
else
{
d[j].f = 1;
}
}
break;
}
else
{
d[i].f = 0;
}
}
printf("\n\n2's complement of number is: ");
for (i = n; i >= 0; i--)
{
printf("%d", d[i].f);
}
/**
* getting and printing 1's complement
* binary : 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
* 1's complement : 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
* this one is having simple logic. change all 0 to 1 and all
* 1 to 0.
*/
printf("\n\n1's complement of number is: ");
for (i = n; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (b[i].f == 0)
{
c[i].f = 1;
// if it is 0 then change to 1
}
else
{
c[i].f = 0;
}
printf("%d", c[i].f);
}
printf("\n");
}
general palindrome check using stack
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for general palindrome string
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#define MAX 100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
int push(char *s, int top, char ele)
{
int i;
if (top >= MAX)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
}
else
{
s[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(char *a, int *top)
{
if ((*top) >= 0)
{
(*top) = (*top) - 1;
return a[(*top) + 1];
}
else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
void main()
{
int i;
char a, b;
char c[MAX];
int valid = TRUE;
int TOP = -1;
char s[MAX];
printf("Enter string: ");
gets(c);
//remember that using gets() function is not safe.
for (i = 0; i < strlen(c) / 2; i++)
{
TOP = push(s, TOP, c[i]);
}
for (; c[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if (TOP < 0)
{
valid = FALSE;
break;
}
else
{
a = pop(s, &TOP);
if (c[i] != a)
{
valid = FALSE;
}
}
}
if (valid == TRUE)
{
printf("Valid palindrome string\n");
}
else
{
printf("Invalid palindrome string\n");
}
}
wcwr palindrome using stack
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for wcwr palindrome string
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#define MAX 100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
int push(char *s, int top, char ele)
{
int i;
if (top >= MAX)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
} else
{
s[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(char *a, int *top)
{
if ((*top) >= 0)
{
(*top) = (*top) - 1;
return a[(*top) + 1];
} else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
void main()
{
int i;
char a, b;
char c[MAX];
int valid = TRUE;
int TOP = -1;
char s[MAX];
//remember that declraing the stack as global is not a good practice (according to my openion)
printf("Enter string: ");
gets(c);
TOP = push(s, TOP, 'c');
for (i = 0; c[i] != 'c'; i++) // you can modify this string as you want
{ // some people may modify to go upto n/2 etc
TOP = push(s, TOP, c[i]);
}
i++;
for (; c[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if (TOP < 0)
{
valid = FALSE;
break;
} else
{
a = pop(s, &TOP);
if (c[i] != a)
{
valid = FALSE;
}
}
}
if (TOP == 0)
{
a = pop(s, &TOP);
if (a != 'c')
{
valid = FALSE;
}
} else
{
valid = FALSE;
}
if (valid == TRUE)
{
printf("Valid palindrome string\n");
} else
{
printf("Invalid palindrome string\n");
}
}
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
stack using array
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for stack using array
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#define SIZE 100
int peep(int a[], int top, int i)
{
if( i < 0 && i>= top)
{
printf("This is invalid operation. Index out of range.");
}
else
{
return a[i];
}
}
int push(int *a , int top, int ele)
{
if(top >= SIZE)
{
printf("\nStack Overflow");
}
else
{
a[++top] = ele;
}
return top;
}
int pop(int *a,int *top)
{
if((*top) >=0)
{
(*top) = (*top) -1 ;
return a[(*top)+1];
}
else
{
printf("Stack underflow\n");
return 0;
}
}
void change(int *a,int top, int index, int element)
{
if(index < 0 || index > top)
{
printf("The index is out of range");
}
else
{
a[index] = element;
}
}
void main()
{
// void push(int [] ,int ,int );
int i= 0 ;
int top = -1;
int a[SIZE];
int d = 1;
int temp,temp1;
do
{
printf("\n\nSelect any option");
printf("\n1 Display stack");
printf("\n2 push");
printf("\n3 pop");
printf("\n4 peep");
printf("\n5 change");
printf("\n6 exit\n");
scanf("%d",&d);
switch(d)
{
case 1:
if(top>=0)
{
for(i = 0 ; i <= top ; i++ )
{
printf("\nelement at %d is %d" , i , peep(a,top,i));
}
}
else
{
printf("\nThe stack is empty");
}
break;
case 2:
printf("Enter number you want to insert in the stack: ");
scanf("%d",&temp);
top = push( a , top , temp);
break;
case 3:
printf("The popped element is: %d" , pop(a,&top));
break;
case 4:
printf("At which position you want to peep ? ");
scanf("%d",&temp);
printf("Peeped element is: %d" , peep(a,top,temp) );
break;
case 5:
printf("Enter the index at which you want to change: ");
scanf("%d",&temp);
printf("Enter he actual element that you want to enter: ");
scanf("%d",&temp1);
change(a,top,temp,temp1);
break;
default:
printf("Please enter a valid choice.");
break;
}
}
while(d != 6);
// and yes, i think you will be able to writ getch here (on TC3)
// i am on linux so that thing is not available here
}
intersection of two arrays
/****************************
* Umang B Bhatt *
* bhatt.umang7@gmail.com *
*****************************/
/**
* program for intersection of two arrays
*/
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
// here for the program of union intersection and minus
// of arrays, we assume that there is no repetation of numbers in
// sinble array
int n1 = 0 , i =0 , n2=0 , j = 0 , no1[100] , no2[100];
int result[200];
int r1 = 0 ;
printf("How many numbers you want to scan in first array ? ");
scanf("%d",&n1);
if(n1 < 0 || n1 > 100 )
{
printf("Invalid number. It must be brtween 1 to 100");
}
else
{
// logic for scanning the numbers
for(i = 0 ; i < n1 ;i++)
{
printf("Enter element %d: ", i);
scanf("%d",&no1[i]);
}
}
printf("How many numbers you want to scan in second array ? ");
scanf("%d",&n2);
if(n2 < 0 || n2 > 100)
{
printf("Invalid number. It must be brtween 1 to 100");
}
else
{
// logic for scanning the numbers
for(i = 0 ; i < n2 ;i++)
{
printf("Enter element %d: ", i);
scanf("%d",&no2[i]);
}
}
// now the intersection of two arrays
// now we will copy the elements one by one
// if some element exist in both the arrays then only we will copy them
for(i = 0 ; i < n1 ; i++)
{
for(j = 0 ; j< n2 ; j++ )
{
if(no1[i] == no2[j] )
{
result[r1++] = no1[i];
}
}
}
// now display the array
printf("\nTHe array (intersection) is : ");
for(i = 0 ; i < r1 ; i++ )
{
printf(" %d," , result[i] );
}
printf("\b \n");
}
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